Legal Question in Consumer Law in North Carolina

Hi,

What is the Statue of Limitations (SOL) on a personal or business checking account in North Carolina and where is it the SOL calculated from? There was not any check, wire, or otherwise a deposit that went and came back no good. This is not a credit card or any kind of debt. It was a internal banking issue in the past where one account was credited and another was not debited properly by the bank.


Asked on 4/01/14, 3:36 pm

1 Answer from Attorneys

I am not sure what you are asking here. The statute of limitations in NC is 3 years for most things. See � 25-4-111. Statute of limitations (an action to enforce an obligation, duty, or right arising under this Article must be commenced within three years after the cause of action accrues). The statute of limitations begins to run from the time that a lawsuit could have been successfully maintained. In a contract time case, it runs from the date of the breach.

Rather than ask the question you posed, what are the facts? Who did what to whom? Who would be suing? Did you cause a loss to the bank? Or did the bank cause a loss to you? If the bank made a boo-boo then there are different statutes that come into play. You have a duty to review your bank statements and if you do not bring an error to the attention of the bank within a year, then you are barred but the bank has 3 years to go after you. Why? Because banks make the rules.

See NC GS � 25-4-406. Customer's duty to discover and report unauthorized signature or alteration.

(a) A bank that sends or makes available to a customer a statement of account showing payment of items for the account shall either return or make available to the customer the items paid or provide information in the statement of account sufficient to allow the customer reasonably to identify the items paid. The statement of account provides sufficient information if the item is described by item number, amount, and date of payment.

(b) If the items are not returned to the customer, the person retaining the items shall either retain the items or, if the items are destroyed, maintain the capacity to furnish legible copies of the items until the expiration of seven years after receipt of the items. A customer may request an item from the bank that paid the item, and that bank must provide in a reasonable time either the item or, if the item has been destroyed or is not otherwise obtainable, a legible copy of the item.

(c) If a bank sends or makes available a statement of account or items pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, the customer must exercise reasonable promptness in examining the statement or the items to determine whether any payment was not authorized because of an alteration of an item or because a purported signature by or on behalf of the customer was not authorized. If, based on the statement or items provided, the customer should reasonably have discovered the unauthorized payment, the customer must promptly notify the bank of the relevant facts.

(d) If the bank proves that the customer failed, with respect to an item, to comply with the duties imposed on the customer by subsection (c) of this section, the customer is precluded from asserting against the bank:

(1) The customer's unauthorized signature or any alteration on the item, if the bank also proves that it suffered a loss by reason of the failure; and

(2) The customer's unauthorized signature or alteration by the same wrongdoer on any other item paid in good faith by the bank if the payment was made before the bank received notice from the customer of the unauthorized signature or alteration and after the customer had been afforded a reasonable period of time, not exceeding 30 days, in which to examine the item or statement of account and notify the bank.

(e) If subsection (d) of this section applies and the customer proves that the bank failed to exercise ordinary care in paying the item and that the failure substantially contributed to loss, the loss is allocated between the customer precluded and the bank asserting the preclusion according to the extent to which the failure of the customer to comply with subsection (c) of this section and the failure of the bank to exercise ordinary care contributed to the loss. If the customer proves that the bank did not pay the item in good faith, the preclusion under subsection (d) of this section does not apply.

(f) Without regard to care or lack of care of either the customer or the bank, a customer who does not within one year after the statement or items are made available to the customer (subsection (a) of this section) discover and report the customer's unauthorized signature on or any alteration on the item is precluded from asserting against the bank the unauthorized signature or alteration. If there is a preclusion under this subsection, the payor bank may not recover for breach of warranty under G.S. 25-4-208 [25-4-207.1] with respect to the unauthorized signature or alteration to which the preclusion applies.

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Answered on 4/13/14, 10:00 pm


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