Legal Question in Constitutional Law in Florida

What gives courts jurisdiction is a subject that is covered at great length in law school so it is impossible to answer your question in this format. With that said a generic explanation would be:

County Courts have jurisdiction over defendants, real property, and events that happen within their boundaries. County Courts only have jurisdiction over civil matters worth $15,000 or less, Misdemeanors, and all evictions.

Circuit Courts Have jurisdiction over defendant's, real property, and events that happen within their boundaries. Circuit court handles matters worth more than 15,000, Felonies, divorces/family law, and County Court appeals.

District Courts of Appeal have jurisdiction over appellate matters from the Circuit Courts.

The Supreme Court has jurisdiction over appellate matters from the District Courts of Appeal (and more but they don't take cases directly)

Federal Courts have Jurisdiction over Federal matters (like a Criminal violation of Federal Law or other federal questions, and civil disputes between residents of different states where the amount in question is over $75,000.